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Objective To observe the clinical effects of magnified pedicle subtraction osteotomy (mPSO) via the posterior approach combined with biomimetic bone graft fusion and internal fixation for the treatment of thoracolumbar Kummell's disease and kyphosis.Methods A total of 11 patients with thoracolumbar Kummell's disease and kyphosis deformity were treated at our department from March 2012 to June 2016.They all underwent mPSO via the posterior approach combined with biomimetic bone graft fusion and internal fixation.They were 3 men and 8 women with an average age of 61.2 years.The clinical effects were evaluated according to visual analogue scale (VAS),Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring,American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading,cobb angle correction and rate of bone graft fusion at preoperation and 2 weeks,1,3,6 and 12 months after operation.Results All the patients were followed up for an average of 11.4 months (from 10 to 13 months).The VAS scores (2.1 ±0.5 points and 1.1 ±0.2 points),JOA scores (23.6 ±3.8 points and 25.5 ±3.2 points) and cobb angles (8.1°± 1.5° and 13.8°±2.1°) at 2 weeks after operation and final follow-ups were significantly improved from their preoperative values (8.1 ± 0.6 points,12.1 ± 3.6 points and 51.3° ± 9.8°,respectively) (P ＜ 0.05).However,there were no significant differences between 2 weeks after operation and the final follow-up in terms of the above values (P ＞ 0.05).The ASIA grading was improved from preoperative grade C to postoperative grade D in one case,and from preoperative grade D to postoperative grade E in 3 cases.At final follow-ups,bony fusion was observed at all the bone graft sites,with a fusion rate of 100％.Conclusion mPSO via the posterior approach combined with biomimetic bone graft fusion and internal fixation is a good treatment for patients with thoracolumbar Kummell's disease and kyphosis deformity.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate c-myc and CCNE2 gene amplifications and their relationship in breast cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-six infiltrating ductal breast carcinomas with foci of ductal carcinoma in situ components collected from January 2005 to December 2007 were selected for tissue microarray and quantitative multi-gene FISH for c-myc and CCNE2 gene amplification, and the relationship with the clinicopathologic features was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 66 cases, 18 (27.3%) showed c-myc amplification and 23 (34.8%) showed CCNE2 amplification. A strong correlation was found between c-myc and CCNE2 amplification (P < 0.01). The breast cancers showing c-myc and CCNE2 amplifications were all aneuploidy, and were HER2 positive (P < 0.05). Tumors with c-myc amplification also showed higher Ki-67 index (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>C-myc and CCNE2 amplifications are common events in breast cancer, and they often coexist. C-myc and CCNE2 genes may play critical roles in the pathogenesis and development of breast cancer through unique and overlapping signaling pathways.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Aneuploidy , Breast Neoplasms , Genetics , Carcinoma in Situ , Genetics , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Genetics , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating , Genetics , Cyclins , Genetics , Gene Amplification , Genes, myc , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Methods , Tissue Array AnalysisABSTRACT
Linoleic acid (C18∶2n-6) and ?-linolenic acid (C18∶3n-3) are found widely in fungi, plants and some lower animals. However, they can not be synthesized in mammals due to lack of △12 and ?-3 fatty acid desaturases. To enable endogenous production of essential fatty acids in mammalian cells, here the stable expression of a Caenorhabditis elegans gene FAT-2 encoding △12 fatty acid desaturase in CHO cells was reported. First, the FAT-2 coding sequence was cloned by RT-PCR. To facilitate high level synthesis of heterogeneous protein, the codon usage of the fatty acid desaturase genes was optimized according to the codon preference of mouse by site-directed mutagenesis, 2 synonymous mutations were introduced into FAT-2 gene by overlapping PCR. The codon-modified gene was finally fused to pBudCE4.1 vector (Invitrogen) under the control of CMV promoter. The expression vector pBudCE-FAT2 was linearized with NheⅠ, and then transfected CHO cells, the cells were under Zeocin selection for nine days and then propagated, then the transfected cells were harvested. The genome and total RNA were isolated for PCR and Norhern blot ananlysis. The results revealed that FAT-2 gene has been integrated into the genome of CHO cells and expressed properly. Fatty acids of total cellular lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography. The results indicate that the expression and function of △-12 fatty acid desaturase resulted in accumulation of linoleic acid. The levels of linoleic acid in transgenic cells were 2.4-fold higher than those in wild-type cells. The moderate linoleic acid in CHO cells was derived from cell culture media uptaken by cell membrane. The results demonstrate that a heterogenous desaturase gene can function well in mammalian cells and prove that transgenic approach is an efficient strategy for changing fatty acid composition of mammals.
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The current teaching material system of laboratory medical science is based on the idea of"superimposed single-subject"and causes severe conflict of teaching time restriction and a large quantity of teaching content.In order to enable students to access to more important knowledge and cultivate their creative thinking ability,it is essential to conduct reform on single-subject curriculum model and reconstruct the course system of the laboratory medical.In addition,it is of great importance to re-evaluate,optimize and reorganize the new laboratory medicine courses and make rational use of educational resources.
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Objective To explore the efficacy and postoperative survival times of stereotactic radiosurgery by X-knife in the treatment of brain metastatic tumors.Methods Between March 1996 and March 2008,520 patients with brain metastatic tumors were treated in our hospital by stereotactic radiosurgery using X-knife.Among the cases,336 had single metastatic lesions,and 184 presented with multifocal tumors(2 lesions in 51 patients,3-5 lesions in 63,and 6-10 lesions in 70).The tumors sized 5 to 35 mm in diameter with a mean of 16.4 mm.Stereotactic radiosurgery was carried out in the cases with a mean central dose of 22 Gy(20 to 25 Gy),and mean marginal dose of 12 Gy(10 to 14 Gy).Over 80% of the lesions were encircled with the dosage.Results The 520 patients were followed up for 8 to 36 months(mean,20 months).CT and MRI performed in the 6th months postoperation showed complete response in 218 patients(41.9%),partial response in 182(35.0%),no response in 78(15.0%),and progressed disease in 42(8.1%).The overall control rate of the tumors were 91.9%(478/520).In this series,the 6-months survival rate was 85.0%(442/520),12-month survival rate was 68.1%(354/520),and the 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 40% and 5.5% respectively.The medium survival time was 12.6 months.Conclusions Stereotactic radiosurgery is an effective method for brain metastatic tumors.It can improve the life quality and survival time of the patients.
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Objective To explore if grape seed polyphenols (GSP) reverses human breast cancer multidrug resistance. MethodsIn this study,adriamycin-resistant human breast carcinoma cells ( MCF-7/ADR ) and its parental cells (MCF-7) were used to determine the effect of GSP. MTT assay was adopted to evaluate the cytotoxity. Western blot and Northern blot were performed to observe the expression of MDR1 in MCF-7/ADR. Adriamycin accumulation was measured by flow cytometry (FCM). ResultsGSP ( 1.2 mg/L ,2.4 mg/L) inhibited the expression of P-gp to 80.83%( t =5.58,P
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The mice were administered with 10~40mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) SHP [Sargassum hemiphyllum(Turner) C.Agardh polysaccharides,SHP] ip for 7d before 5Gy ?-rays irradiation to observe the effect of SHP on the mRNA expression of CD~+_(34) and SCF(stem cell factor),and to study the mechanism of SHP against irradiation on the hematopoietic system in irradiated mice.Flow cytometry was used to detect number of bone marrow cells and the mRNA expression of CD~+_(34) and SCF were analysed by RT-PCR test.The results showed that the percentage of CD~+_(34) cells was decreased by ?-rays irradiation(5Gy) and SHP(10～40mg?kg~(-1)) could increase significantly the percentage of CD~+_(34) cells to exhibit a protective effect of SHP on bone marrow in irradiated mice.Expressions of CD~+_(34) and SCF mRNA were lower in model group than those in conrol group and the expressions were higher in three test groups than those in model group.The results indicated that the increases of expressions of CD~+_(34) and SCF mRNA could be a mechanism of SHP against irradiation on the hematopoietic system in mice.
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AIM: To observe the expression of proteins induced by whole-body irradiation in mice with low dose X-rays and their biological activity. METHODS: To analyse the expression of protein induced by whole-body irradiation with 75mGy X-rays and sham-irradiation, the method of gel filtration with Sephadex G-100 and HPLC were used. The biological activity of protein expressed in thymocytes was observed by mouse splenocyte proliferation and chromosome aberration of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: HPLC analysis showed that there was a marked decrease in expression of 24.5 kD protein molecule in the fractions of thymocyte extract in comparison with the corresponding fractions from the sham-irradiated control mice. These protein fractions from the thymocytes of the irradiated mice at the concentration of 6.25 mg/L showed both inhibitory effect on normal T cell proliferation and protective effect on the chromosome damage induced by high dose radiation. CONCLUSION: Down regulation of 24.5 kD protein molecule expression may have implications in the mechanism of immunoenhancement and cytogenetic adaptive response induced by low dose radiation.